I. Introduction As of 2025, significant legislative amendments have been introduced in the field of electronic commerce, reshaping both the obligations of service providers and the rights of consumers. Through the amendments made to the Reg…
I. Introduction The Decision of the Council of Unification of Case Law of the Council of State, numbered 2021/5 E. and 2024/2 K. (the “Decision”), was published in the Official Gazette dated April 16, 2025, and numbered 32872. In this Decis…
I. Introduction Article 478 of the Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102 ("TCC") regulates privileged shares by granting privileges over shares through the allocation of priority or special rights to certain shares. Particularly, concerning the…
I. Introduction The Communiqué on Keeping Commercial Books not Related to the Accounting of the Business in Electronic Form ("Communiqué”) was published in the Official Gazette numbered 32813 and dated 14.02.2025, with its effective date se…
I. Introduction The Constitutional Court, in its decision dated December 12, 2024, which was published in the Official Gazette on January 1, 2025 under issue number 32798, ruled that the provision stipulating that the amount in effect on th…
The Expert Witness Minimum Fee Tariff, Mediation Minimum Fee Tariff, and Sales Expenses Tariff were published in the Official Gazette dated December 25, 2024, and numbered 32763, to become effective as of the first day of 2025. Below, you c…
The Communiqué on the Procedures and Principles of the Implementation of Article 376 of the Turkish Commercial Code numbered 6102 (“Communiqué”) was published in the Official Gazette dated 15.09.2018 and numbered 30536. The Communiqué regul…
I. Introduction Differences in precedent have arisen among the various Civil Chambers of the Turkish Court of Cassation regarding the matter of serving the statement of claim in annulment of objection cases initiated by the creditor against…
The Turkish Code of Civil Procedure Witness Fee Tariff (“Tariff”), that entered into force after being published in the Official Gazette dated 23.10.2024 numbered 32701, introduced amendments to the amount of fees to be paid to witnesses in…
The Turkish Code of Civil Procedure Expense Advance Tariff (“Tariff”), that entered into force after being published in the Official Gazette dated 23.10.2024 numbered 32701, introduced amendments to the amount of the expense advances to be…
The Arbitrator Fee Tariff regarding Civil Cases (“Tariff”) has been published and come into effect on the Official Gazette dated 23.10.2024 numbered 32701. The Tariff, while repealing the previous Arbitrator Fee Tariff published in the Offi…
The Law on Amendments to the Turkish Commercial Code and Certain Laws (“Law No. 7511”) entered into force after being published in the Official Gazette dated 29.05.2024 and numbered 32560 and with the amendments made to the Turkish Commerci…